Hoʻopili ʻia ke koho ʻana o nā mea hana no nā mea hana downhole e nā kumu he nui. Mai ka manaʻo o nā ʻano mea hana downhole:
Nā mea hana ʻeli, nā mea hana hoʻopaʻa inoa, a menā mea hana hanaHe pōkole ke ola lawelawe o kēia mau mea hana, no laila makemake lākou i ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe akā he haʻahaʻa nā koi kūpaʻa i ka pala.
Nā mea hana hoʻopau: Pono lākou e hana i ka downhole no kekahi mau makahiki, no laila pono e noʻonoʻo ʻia ka mahana o ka downhole a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka pala.
Mai ka manaʻo o nā wahi downhole, ua hoʻokaʻawale pinepine ʻia lākou i ʻehā mau māhele:
Kaiapuni maʻamau (ʻaʻohe hydrogen sulfide (H₂S), me ka nui o ke kalapona ʻokikene (CO₂) ma lalo o 1 psi [ma kahi o 0.0069 MPa]); Kaiapuni pala H₂S; Kaiapuni pala CO₂; Kaiapuni pala i hui pū ʻia o H₂S a me CO₂.
Koho Mea no nā Mea Hana Downhole ma nā Kaiapuni Maʻamau
No nā mea hana lua i hoʻohana ʻia i nā wahi maʻamau, koho pinepine ʻia nā kila alloy e like me 4130, 4140, a me 4145 (nā māka AISI). Hōʻike ʻia nā ʻano kemika a me nā ikaika mechanical o kēia mau mea ma nā papa aʻe:
1. Hoʻohālikelike o nā ʻano hana kemika (Mass Fraction)
| ʻElemene | 4130 (AISI) | 4140 (AISI) | 4145 (AISI 4145H) |
| Kalapona (C) | 0.28-0.33% | 0.33-0.48% | 0.43-0.48% |
| Manganese (Mn) | 0.40-0.60% | 0.75-1.00% | 0.75-1.00% |
| Chromium (Cr) | 0.80-1.10% | 0.80-1.10% | 0.80-1.10% |
| Molibdenum (Mo) | 0.15-0.25% | 0.15-0.25% | 0.15-0.25% |
| Silika (Si) | 0.15-0.35% | 0.15-0.35% | 0.15-0.35% |
| Sulfur (S)/Phosphorus (P) | ≤0.040% (S), ≤0.035% (P) | ≤0.030% (S), ≤0.030% (P) | ≤0.030% (S), ≤0.030% (P) |
2. Hoʻohālikelike o nā ikaika mīkini
| Waiwai Mīkini | 4130 | 4140 | 4145 (Papa H, Waiwai Maʻamau) |
| Ikaika Hoʻopaʻa | 760-871 MPa | 795-1000 MPa | 950-1100 MPa |
| Ikaika Hāʻawi | ≥635 MPa | ≥610-750 MPa | ≥750 MPa |
| Hoʻolōʻihi | ≥17% | ≥22% | ≥10% |
| Paʻakikī (HRC) | 28-32 (ma hope o ka hoʻopau ʻana a me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana) | 28-34 (ma hope o ka hoʻopau ʻana a me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana) | 32-36 (ma hope o ka hoʻopau ʻana a me ka hoʻomaʻū ʻana) |
E like me ka mea i ʻike ʻia mai nā papa:
Piʻi ka nui o ke kalapona o kēia mau mea ma ke kaʻina (4130 < 4140 < 4145), ʻoiai ua like nā ʻike o nā mea ʻē aʻe.
Nā waiwai mīkini: Pili maikaʻi ka ikaika me ka nui o ke kalapona—ʻo 4145 ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe loa—ʻoiai e emi ana ka paʻakikī i ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, me 4130 ka paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe loa.
ʻO 4130, 4140, a me 4145 nā pae mea honua, a ʻo kā lākou mau mea like kūloko ma Kina penei:
- 4130 (AISI) ≡ Papa kūloko 30CrMoA;
- 4140 (AISI) ≡ Papa kūloko 42CrMo;
- 4145H (AISI) ≡ Papa kūloko 45CrMo.
He kūpono nā 4130 a me 4140 no nā mea hana hoʻopau maʻamau, me ka hoʻokūpaʻa ʻana i ke kumukūʻai kūpono a me ka hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia.
Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ʻo 4145H i nā mea hana lua hohonu, kaomi kiʻekiʻe, a i ʻole nā mea hana ukana kiʻekiʻe (e like me nā mea hana ʻeli a me nā mea hana hana), me ka hāʻawi ʻia ʻana o ka manaʻo nui i ka ikaika a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka ʻaʻahu.
Koho Mea no nā Mea Hana Hoʻopau i nā Kaiapuni ʻAiʻino
No nā mea hana hoʻopau i nā wahi ʻinoʻino, hilinaʻi nui ke koho ʻana i ke kaomi hapa o nā kinoea waikawa (i māhele ʻia i ʻelua ʻano: CO₂ a me H₂S).
1. Nā luawai me ka nui o ka CO₂
I mea e pale aku ai i ka pala ʻana o ka CO₂, pono e hoʻonui ʻia ka nui o ka chromium (Cr) i loko o nā mea. Hiki i nā mea aʻe (i hoʻonohonoho ʻia e ka nui o ka Cr) ke uhi i nā lua me ke kaomi hapa CO₂ mai 0.5 MPa a 14 MPa.：3Cr (ʻike Cr ≈ 3%), 9Cr1Mo (ʻike Cr ≈ 9%), 13Cr, S13Cr, 17Cr (papa S17400), 22Cr (e laʻa, kila kila duplex S32205), a me ke kila 25Cr.
2. Nā luawai me ka ʻike H₂S kiʻekiʻe
No ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka palaho o ka haki ʻana o ka sulfide stress (SSC), pono e hoʻonui ʻia ka nui o ka nickel (Ni) i loko o nā mea. Ke kiʻekiʻe aʻe ke kaomi hapa H₂S ma mua o 1 MPa a kiʻekiʻe hoʻi ke kaomi hapa CO₂, pono e hoʻohana ʻia nā mea hoʻohuihui wela kiʻekiʻe e like me kēia:
Koho Mea no nā ʻĀpana Kūikawā
Nā mea nui o nā mea hana no ka lua wai (e pili ana me nā ukana wai o ka luawai a me nā ukana e hali ana): I koho ʻia e like me nā kūlana i luna.
Nā ʻāpana ʻokiʻoki: Hana ʻia me ke keleawe H62 a i ʻole nā lāʻau kila kila S36600.
Nā ʻāpana hoʻopaʻa: I koho ʻia mai 20CrMoTi a i ʻole 20CrMnTi. No ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka paʻakikī o ka ʻili, pono ka mālama ʻana i ka carburizing o ka ʻili (me ka mānoanoa o ka papa carburized o 0.8-1.2 mm), kahi e hoʻonui ai i ka paʻakikī o ka ʻili i HRC 58-62.
Nā Kumu ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ke Koho ʻana i nā Mea a me nā Kūlana Kuhikuhi
Ma waho aʻe o nā kinoea ʻakika, pili pū ke koho ʻana i nā mea no nā ʻili aila o lalo o ka lua a me nā mea hana o lalo o ka lua i ka mahana o lalo o ka lua, ka ʻoki ʻana i ka wai, ke kekelē mineralization, a me ka waiwai pH. No nā koho koho kikoʻī hou aku, e nānā i ke kūlana ʻoihana Q/HS 14015 Design Guidelines for Corrosion Prevention of Tubing and Casing in Offshore Oil and Gas Wells.
Hāʻawi pū ʻo Landrill i ka pā kila 41430,4140,4145.
E ʻoluʻolu e nīnau.https://www.landrilloiltools.com/
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Sep-03-2025
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